Development of an Interactive E-Booklet to Improve Science Process Skills in Ecology and Biodiversity Topics

Abstract

Students’ difficulties in understanding ecology and biodiversity concepts indicate that science learning still emphasizes content mastery and test results rather than process skills. This condition leads to low levels of Science Process Skills (SPS), as shown in a preliminary study at SMP Muhammadiyah 15 Surabaya, where students’ SPS average was only 18.99%. To address this issue, this research developed an interactive e-booklet designed to improve students’ basic SPS. The study employed the ADDIE development model, which consists of five stages: Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The subjects were 28 seventh-grade students (class VII-F). The instruments used included validation questionnaires, readability questionnaires, student response questionnaires, and SPS tests. The results showed that the interactive e-booklet had high feasibility, with an average media validity score of 99% and material validity score of 96%. The readability test achieved an average score of 88.79%, while the student response questionnaire reached 89.48%, both in the very high category. Furthermore, the implementation of the interactive e-booklet improved students’ basic SPS, as indicated by an average N-Gain score of 0.59 in the moderate category. These findings suggest that the developed interactive e-booklet is valid, practical, and effective in enhancing students’ basic SPS in ecology and biodiversity learning.